1648

Year 1648 (MDCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

[edit] Events of 1648

[edit] January - June

Treaty of Munster

Holy Roman Empire 1648

• January 17 - England's Long Parliament passes the Vote of No Addresses, breaking off negotiations with King Charles I and thereby setting the scene for the second phase of the English Civil War.
• January 30 - The Dutch and the Spanish sign the Treaty of Munster, ending the Eighty Years' War. The Spanish Empire recognizes the Dutch Republic of United Netherlands as a sovereign state, (governed by the House of Orange-Nassau and the Estates General) which was before a province of the Spanish Empire.
• January - Khmelnytsky Uprising in Republic of Both Nations (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth).
• April 19 - Portuguese army defeats the Dutch army in the north of Brazil.

[edit] July - December

• October 20 - American Indian Battle of Tippycart
• October 24 - Treaty of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years' War.
• November 11 - France and Netherlands agree to divide the island of Sint Maarten/Saint Martin.
• December 11 - Pride's Purge occurs in England, with elements of the New Model Army, under the leadership of Henry Ireton invading London and expelling a majority of the Long Parliament, resulting in the creation of the Rump Parliament.

[edit] Undated

• Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ibrahim I (1640-1648) to Mehmed IV (1648-1687)
• Admiral Robert Blake defeats Prince Rupert and the remnants of the Royalist navy in the English Civil War.
• In India, building of the Red Fort is completed.
• Semyon Dezhnev discovers the Bering Strait between Asia and North America.
• The west bank of Prague (including the Prague Castle) occupied and looted by Swedish armies.
• Sabbatai Zevi declares himself the Messiah at Smyrna.
• A major earthquake strikes Van, a town in Ottoman Armenia.
• French intervention ends.
• Fronde begins.

[edit] Ongoing events

• English Civil War (1642-1649)
• Dutch-Portuguese War

[edit] Births

• January 1 - Elkanah Settle, English writer (d. 1724)
• February 23 - Arabella Churchill, English mistress of James II of England (d. 1730)
• April 4 - Grinling Gibbons, Dutch-born woodcarver (d. 1721)
• April 7 - John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, English statesman and poet (d. 1721)
• April 9 - Henri de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny, 1st Viscount Galway, French soldier and diplomat (d. 1720)
• April 13 - Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte Guyon, French mystic (d. 1717)
• April 26 - King Peter II of Portugal (d. 1712)
• August 9 - Johann Michael Bach, German composer (d. 1694)
• December 15 - Gregory King, English statistician (d. 1712)
• date unknown - Bhai Ghanaiya, Indian social worker, founder of modern-day Red Cross (d. 1718)

See also Category:1648 births.

[edit] Deaths

• February 2 - George Abbot, English writer (born c.1605)
• February 28 - Christian IV, King of Denmark and Norway (born 1577)
• March 12 - Tirso de Molina, Spanish writer (born 1571)
• March 14 - Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general (born 1584)
• April 12 - Catharina Belgica of Nassau, regent of Hanau-Münzenberg (born 1578)
• May 20 - King Wladislaus IV of Poland (born 1595)
• May 26 - Vincent Voiture, French poet (born 1597)
• August 12 - Ibrahim I, Ottoman Sultan (born 1615)
• August 20 - Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury, English diplomat, poet, and philosopher (born 1583)
• September 1 - Marin Mersenne, French mathematician (born 1588)
• November 17 - Thomas Ford, English composer (born c.1580)

See also Category:1648 deaths.