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Portal:Wine





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P:WINE

Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from fermentation of grape juice. The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, or other nutrients. Although fruits other than grapes can also be fermented, the resultant wines are normally named after the fruit from which they are produced (for example, apple wine) and are known as fruit wine (or country wine). Others, such as barley wine and rice wine (e.g. sake), are made from starch-based materials and resemble beer more than wine; ginger wine is fortified with brandy. In these cases, the use of the term "wine" is a reference to the higher alcohol content, rather than the production process. The commercial use of the word "wine" (and its equivalent in other languages) is protected by law in many jurisdictions. Wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast which consume the sugars found in the grapes and convert them into alcohol. Various varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts are used depending on the types of wine produced.

Wine stems from an extended and rich history dating back about 8,000 years and is thought to have originated in present-day Georgia or Iran. Wine is thought to have appeared in Europe about 6,500 years ago in present-day Bulgaria and Greece and was very common in ancient Greece and Rome; the Greek god Dionysos, and his Roman counterpart Liber represented wine. Wine continues to plays a role in religious ceremonies, such as Kiddush in Judaism and the Eucharist in Christianity.

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Image of Charles Heidsieck used in Champagne ads in the US during the 1850's
Charles Camille Heidsieck (1820-1871) was a 19th century French Champagne merchant who founded the Champagne firm Charles Heidsieck in 1851. He is credited with popularizing Champagne in the United States and was known as "Champagne Charlie" during his stay. During the American Civil War Heidsieck was imprisoned under suspicion of being a spy for the French government and the Confederacy. His imprisonment sparked an international incident between France and US over what became known as The Heidsieck Incident.
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Petit Manseng, a white wine variation of Manseng.
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Mas de Daumas Gassac is a French winery located in the wine region Languedoc in the southeast of France, in the commune of Aniane. The wine produced here is classified as Vin de Pays de l'Hérault due to its use of grape varieties outside specifications of its AOC. Despite its modest designation and location, the vineyard has received widespread acknowledgement, described by the The Times to taste like a “Latour” and by the French magazine Gault-Milau as the "Lafite Rothschild of the Languedoc-Roussillon", it is frequently referred to as the Grand Cru of the Languedoc.

On land sold by the Daumas family to a former glove manufacturer Aimé Guibert, wines were first planted at this vineyard in 1974. Following the recommendation of Henri Enjalbert, a professor of Geography at the University of Bordeaux, whose assessment of the terroir determined the microclimate to be uncharacteristically favourable for cultivation of wine in such a warm region, the first vintage was produced in 1978 with the assistance of the oenologist Émile Peynaud. Aimé Guibert has since featured in the documentary film Mondovino, stating that "wine is dead".

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The entrance of Robert Mondavi Winery.
The entrance of Robert Mondavi Winery.

Robert Gerald Mondavi born June 18, 1913 in Virginia, Minnesota, United States is a leading vineyard operator whose technical improvements and marketing strategies brought worldwide recognition for the wines of the Napa Valley in California. From an early period, Mondavi aggressively promoted labeling wines varietally rather than generically. This is now the standard for New World wines.

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Photo credit: Les Grandes Usines, Julien Turgan, ed 1877, part 38
Decauville narrow gauge railway in Champagne cellars

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Good wine is a good familiar creature if it be well used.
William Shakespeare (1564-1616), Othello, II. iii. (315)
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Here are some tasks you can do for WikiProject Wine:

  • Article request: Charles Krug, John Patchett, Global warming and wine, Mesoclimate, History of French wine, History of German wine, History of Spanish wine, History of Italian wine, California wine regions, Vine training systems
  • Expand: any of the ~1000 wine stubs, particularly the region and "miscellaneous" ones
  • Improve: Cabernet Franc, Canadian wine, Greek wine, Sangiovese, Vitis vinifera, wine serving temperature, other Start class articles
  • Articles to GA: Wine, Australian wine, Bordeaux wine, Burgundy wine, California wine, Champagne (wine), Chianti, Dessert wine, French wine, German wine, Grenache, Italian wine, Merlot, Pinot gris, Pinot noir, Rioja (wine), Sauvignon blanc, Shiraz (grape), Spanish wine, Sparkling wine, Winemaking, Zinfandel
  • Articles to FA: Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling, Tempranillo
  • Cleanup: Table wine, Wine competition, Wine tasting, red links in Spanish_wine_regions
  • Peer review:Tempranillo, Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a wine guide, Alcohol in the Bible
  • Copyedit: Aligoté, Cabernet franc, Chenin blanc, Malbec, Robert M. Parker, Jr., Pinot blanc, Rioja (wine), Tempranillo
  • Photo request: Just about all of them! Any pictures of wine regions, grape varieties or wine would be useful. In particular we need wine region maps that can be licensed for Wikipedia.
  • Collaboration: Operation stub-killer, Nominations for top level importance
  • Wine Improvement Drive: French wine
  • Infobox: Template:Infobox grape variety, Template:Infobox Winery
  • Other: Comment on the grape article template and on the grape infobox.
  • vieweditdiscusshistorywatch
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    AppellationOenologyWineryWinemakingWine tastingVintageVinyardViticulture
    Wine styles Red/WhiteRosé/BlushSparklingDessertFortifiedFruitIce Wine
    Notable varietals AlbariñoChardonnayChenin blancGewürztraminerGrüner veltlinerMuscatPinot blancPinot grisRiesling
    Sauvignon blancSémillonSilvanerViognierBarberaCabernet FrancCabernet SauvignonCarignaneDolcetto
    GamayGrenacheMalbecMerlotMourvèdreNebbioloPetite Sirah/DurifPetit VerdotPinot NoirPinotage
    SangioveseSyrah/ShirazTempranilloZinfandel
    Notable regions BordeauxBurgundyCaliforniaChampagneMoselRheinhessenRhôneRiojaTuscany
    Notable nations ArgentinaAustraliaChileFranceGermanyItalySpainSouth AfricaUnited States of America
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